<h2>CHAPTER VI.</h2>
<h3>AT NEW ORLEANS.</h3>
<div class="figleft"> <ANTIMG src="images/i011-f.png" width-obs="100" height-obs="100" alt="F" title="" /></div>
<div class='unindent'><br/>RANK NORRIS took his way eastward after
leaving Westminster. He slept at a small hotel
in the city, and at daybreak walked on to
the docks. He was careless where he went, so
that it was out of England; but he was determined, if
possible, to work his passage, so as to leave the sum of
money in his pocket untouched until he got to his destination.
He went on board a number of ships and asked the
captains if they wanted hands, but on his acknowledgment
that he had never been at sea, none of them would ship
him for the outward voyage only. At last he paused
before a fine ship, the <i>Mississippi;</i> a printed placard on
the wharf beside her mentioned that the well-known and
favourite clipper would sail for New Orleans on that day.
He walked on board and went up to the captain, who was
talking to the first mate, while the latter was superintending
the getting of cargo on board.</div>
<p>"Do you want a hand, sir?"</p>
<p>"Well, that depends," the captain said; "I am still
two or three hands short, but they have promised to send
me them this morning. Are you a sailor?"</p>
<p>"No, sir; but I can row and sail an open boat, and am<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_93" id="Page_93">[93]</SPAN></span>
ready to make myself useful. I want to work my passage
out."</p>
<p>"You look an active young fellow," the captain said, "but
I don't care about taking a landsman only for the voyage
out; I should have to ship another hand in your place at
New Orleans, and probably have to pay more wages there
than I could get one for here. Still, likely enough, they
may send me down at the last moment two or three
hands who know no more about it than you do, and
may not be half so willing to learn as I should judge
you to be. What do you say, Ephraim; shall we take
him?"</p>
<p>"He looks a likely sort," the mate said.</p>
<p>"Very well then, it's agreed; you can take off your coat
and fall to work at once; I will send down word to the
office that I have shipped you." Frank stripped off his
coat and waistcoat, and stowed them, with his portmanteau,
out of the way, and then set to work with a will, the
whiteness of his shirt, and his general appearance, exciting
some jeering comments among the other men at work; but
the activity and strength which he showed soon astonished
and silenced them.</p>
<p>By one o'clock the last bale of cargo was stowed, and
the hatches put on. The landsmen who had been employed
went on shore, and Frank went forward to the forecastle,
with the men, to dinner.</p>
<p>"Not the sort of grub you have been accustomed to,
lad," one of the men said.</p>
<p>"I have eaten worse," Frank said carelessly, "and don't
care if I never eat better. How long do you suppose we
shall be before we get to New Orleans?"</p>
<p>"It all depends upon the wind," the sailor answered,<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_94" id="Page_94">[94]</SPAN></span>
"may be a month, may be three. Are you going to leave
us there?"</p>
<p>"Yes," Frank said, "I am only working my passage
out."</p>
<p>"It's a roughish place is New Orleans," the sailor said;
"the sort of place where you want to have a knife or
pistol ready at hand. Lor', I have seen some rum doings
there; it's a word and a blow, I can tell ye."</p>
<p>"Ah! well," Frank laughed, "I suppose I shall
do as well as the rest."</p>
<p>The voice of the mate was now heard calling to all
hands to prepare to cast off. The men had hurried
through their dinner, for they knew that the time allowed
them would be short, and began casting off hawsers, coiling
down ropes, and preparing for a start. The bell was
ringing, and the friends of the passengers were saying
good-bye. The capstan was manned, and the vessel moved
slowly away from the quay.</p>
<p>Five minutes later she was at the dock gates; these
swung open, and the vessel slowly made her way through
them, and was soon in the river.</p>
<p>As the men ran aloft to loosen the sails, Frank placed
himself next to the sailor who had spoken to him at
dinner, and followed him up the shrouds, and, imitating
his actions, he was soon out on the yard hauling away
with the others. When the sails were all set he returned
below.</p>
<p>"Wall done, youngster," the mate said; "I reckon you
are about as spry for a green hand as any I have come
across; I had my eye on you, and you'll do. You go on
like that, and you will make a first-rate hand afore long."</p>
<p>There was plenty of work to do as they went down<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_95" id="Page_95">[95]</SPAN></span>
the river. The sails had to be braced round as the wind
took them on different sides in the winding reaches; the
decks were sluiced down, to get rid of the first coat of dirt
which they had acquired in the docks; ropes had to be
coiled and tidied up, and the many articles lying loosely
about the deck to be put in their places and lashed in
readiness for sea work. The tide met them just as it was
getting dark, and as the wind dropped, and was not
sufficiently strong to carry the ship against it, the anchor
was dropped a few miles below Gravesend.</p>
<p>The men were divided into two watches, but all were
told that, with the exception of two stationed as an anchor
watch, they could turn in till tide turned. Frank threw
himself at once into the bunk which had been allotted to
him. He had not closed an eye the night before, and was
worn out by emotion and fatigue, and scarcely had he lain
down than he was sound asleep. He had been placed in
the starboard watch, and slept till he was roughly shaken
at four o'clock in the morning.</p>
<p>"Get up, mate, your watch is called."</p>
<p>Frank leapt out and made his way on deck. The
vessel had been now three hours under weigh. She had
passed the Nore, whose light shone brightly over the stern.</p>
<p>"The wind is freshening a bit," one of the men said, "we
shall be out round the Foreland by dinner-time."</p>
<p>The voyage was an uneventful one; Frank escaped the
first fight in which new-comers generally have to take
part before they settle down in their new sphere. He
was thoroughly good-tempered, and fully a match for any
of his messmates in chaff, and he soon became a favourite
in the fo'castle. He was always ready to take his share
of the work, and was soon as much at home on the yards<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_96" id="Page_96">[96]</SPAN></span>
as the rest. The change and the newness of the life were
very good for him; he was never alone, and had no time
to think or brood over his troubles, and he was almost
sorry when the end of the voyage approached.</p>
<p>"Not a lively-looking shore," the mate said to him as
he leaned against the bulwark, looking at the low banks
of the river a few miles below New Orleans. "No, even
an American may confess that there ain't much beauty
about this river. It's a great river, and a mighty useful
one, but it ain't beautiful. Now, what are you thinking
of doing when you get ashore?"</p>
<p>"I was thinking to begin by getting employment on
board a boat of some sort. What I shall do afterwards of
course I do not know; but if I can earn my living on
the water for a few months, till I have time to look round
and see what is best to be done, I shall be well satisfied.
I have got a few pounds, but I don't want to touch them;
they will come in useful if I want to move, or to buy a
horse, or anything of that sort."</p>
<p>"You will do," the mate said. "You have shown yourself
a right-down sharp fellow on board this ship, and I
expect you will make your way whatever you try a hand
at. I have taken a fancy to you, and should be glad to
do you a good turn if I can. I have been in and out of
this port for some years, and know Orleans pretty tidy,
and I can tell you that there ain't a port on this side of
the water or the other where a fellow can be put out of
the way more promptly than here; there are parts of New
Orleans which, I tell you, are a sort of hell on earth.</p>
<p>"There are places you couldn't go into without some
one picking a quarrel with you afore you have been in
there two minutes, and a quarrel here means knives out<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_97" id="Page_97">[97]</SPAN></span>
afore you have time to think. On the other hand, Orleans
is a place where a steady industrious fellow, with his head
screwed on right, has a good chance of getting on. The
trade up the river is immense, and will be far greater than
it is now; and there's pretty well a continent to the west,
with openings of all sorts, land and cattle, houses and
mining, and trade with Mexico. But I don't see as you
can do better than to follow out your own idea.</p>
<p>"I know a score of men here who own boats trading up
the river, and the first time I go ashore I will take you
with me and put you in good hands. The rate of pay
ain't high, for it's looked on as easy work; still, a few
months at it will open your eyes and put you into the
ways of the country, and, once at home, I tell you there's
money to be made on the river, heaps of it, and when it's
seen that you are steady, and willing, and 'cute, you will
find plenty who will give you a helping hand. There's no
greater place for loafers than New Orleans, and a chap
who will really work will soon make his mark."</p>
<p>Frank warmly thanked the mate for his offer. The
moment the ship cast anchor off the town a crowd of
negroes came on board and unloaded her, and the crew
had comparatively little to do; the three or four passengers
who had come out in her went on shore at once, but it
was not until the third afternoon after her arrival that the
mate was able to leave the ship.</p>
<p>"Now, lad," he said to Frank, "jump into the boat
along with me, and I will see if I can't put you into the
groove."</p>
<p>Keeping along the wharves for some distance, the mate
presently entered a small wooden office, telling Frank to
wait outside.<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_98" id="Page_98">[98]</SPAN></span></p>
<p>On entering he accosted the only occupant of the place,
a man of some forty years of age, who was dressed entirely
in white, and was sitting smoking a huge cigar,
with his chair tilted back and his feet on the table.</p>
<p>"How are you, Ephraim?" he said, as the mate entered.
"I saw your ship had arrived. Had a good voyage?"</p>
<p>"First-class," the mate replied; "not very fast, but
quiet and comfortable," and he took a cigar from an open
box on the table and lighted it. "I haven't come round
for a talk with you now, I have only just come ashore for
the first time; but I wanted to speak to you about a young
chap as came out with us. He has worked his passage
out, and is about the smartest young fellow I ever shipped,
and has the makings of a first-class seaman in him, but he
doesn't care about stopping at sea. He's of good family
in the old country, as one can easily see. I expect he has got
into some scrape, and has had to make a bolt of it; however,
that's no business of mine. He's as strong as a horse, and
as active as a squirrel; he can handle an oar and sail a
boat. I didn't like the thought of his landing here and
getting into bad hands, so I thought I would come straight
to you. He said what he wanted to do was to work on the
river, for a few months at any rate, until he got to know
the place. Now I know you have a dozen tugs and a score
of barges, and I thought you might set him on at once.
He would make a good second hand on one of your large
boats. If it's but to oblige me, I wish you would put him
on board one with a sober, steady chap of a decent kind;
as soon as he gets to know the work and the river, I will
guarantee that he will be fit to take charge himself."</p>
<p>"That's easy enough done, Ephraim," the trader replied,
"all except finding the sober and steady decent man to<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_99" id="Page_99">[99]</SPAN></span>
put him under. However, I will do my best. Have
you got him here?"</p>
<p>"Yes, he is outside," Ephraim said; and rising, he went
to the door and called Frank in. "This is the hand I was
speaking to you about, Mr. Willcox."</p>
<p>"Well, young man," the trader said, "I hear you want
a berth on board a tug or flat. Which would you rather
have?"</p>
<p>"I would prefer to be on a flat,—at any rate for a time,
sir," Frank said; "I am a pretty good hand at sailing
or rowing, but I don't know anything about steamboats."</p>
<p>"There's not much to learn in that," the trader said;
"the work is simply to keep the decks clean, to help to
load and unload at each landing-place, and to pole off in
shallows. However, I will put you on board a flat. The
wages to begin with will be twenty dollars a month and
your keep, if that will suit you."</p>
<p>"That will do, sir, very well," Frank said. "When
shall I come to work?"</p>
<p>"If you come here this time to-morrow you can go
aboard at once. One of the flats will go up the first thing
in the morning."</p>
<p>"Thank you, sir, I will be here. I am greatly obliged to
you, Mr. Alderson, for your kind recommendation of me."</p>
<p>"I am glad to have put you into a berth," the mate
said. "Now I should recommend you to get on board again soon."</p>
<p>Frank strolled about the wharves for an hour or two,
and then went on board. Before going on shore the
following day, the captain gave him a certificate, saying
that he had sailed in the <i>Mississippi</i>, and was a good,
willing, and reliable hand.<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_100" id="Page_100">[100]</SPAN></span></p>
<p>"You may not intend to go to sea again, but if you
should, this will get you a better berth than if you had
applied as a landsman. I am very pleased with your
conduct on board the ship, and I am only sorry you are
leaving us. I think it's a pity you don't stick to it, for it
is clear that you are well educated, and would be able to
pass as a mate as soon as you had been the requisite time
at sea. However, you can fall back on that if you don't
get on as well as you expect on shore."</p>
<p>The mate said good-bye to him warmly.</p>
<p>"Your employer is one of the very best in the place," said
he. "You must not suppose he is in a small way because
you see him in that little office: he is one of the largest
tug and flat owners in New Orleans. He keeps his eye
on his men, and will push you forward if he sees you
deserve it. He has the name of having the best of
captains on the river, and of being one of the best and
most liberal of employers. But you must not expect
much in flat life, you will find the men rough as well
as the work."</p>
<p>"I shan't mind that," Frank said cheerfully; "our own
bargemen on the Thames are not the most polished of
men."</p>
<p>"And, lad," the mate added, "I should advise you to
hand over any money you may have with you to Mr.
Willcox; the less money you have in your pockets the
better. You have no occasion for it on the river, and
there are loafers hanging about at every landing who
would think nothing of knocking a man on the head if
they thought he had got fifty dollars in his pocket."</p>
<p>Frank promised to take his advice, and, with a hearty
farewell to the mate, and a cordial one to his late shipmates,<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_101" id="Page_101">[101]</SPAN></span>
he put his portmanteau in the boat and was rowed
ashore.</p>
<div class="figcenter"> <ANTIMG src="images/i012.jpg" width-obs="550" height-obs="350" alt="FRANK'S VISIT TO MR. HIRAM LITTLE'S OFFICE." title="" /> <span class="caption">FRANK'S VISIT TO MR. HIRAM LITTLE'S OFFICE.</span></div>
<p>"Oh, here you are," Mr. Willcox said, as he entered;
"just give a call to that man you see outside."</p>
<p>Before doing so, Frank handed over his twenty
sovereigns to the trader, asking him to keep them for
him, and then went to the door. On a log close by a
tall, gaunt man was sitting smoking a short pipe. Frank
asked him to step in.</p>
<p>"Hiram," the trader said, "this is the young Britisher
who is going as your second hand. I have good accounts
of him as a sailor, so you won't have to teach him that
part of the business. Of course he is new to the river
and its ways."</p>
<p>"I will put him through," the man said, "and will
teach him as much as I knows myself if he cares to learn."</p>
<p>"There is no one knows the river better, Hiram; and,
as you know, I would have given you the command
of a steamer long ago if you would have taken it."</p>
<p>"No, sir," the man said emphatically, "not for Hiram
Little. I have been on board a flat all my days, and am
not going to be hurried along in one of them puffing
things. They have their uses, I am ready enough to allow,
when the current is swift and the wind light; I am glad
enough of a cast now and then, but to be always in a
bustle and flurry is more than I could stand. Come along,
youngster, with your sack; the boat is a quarter of a mile
down."</p>
<p>Taking up his portmanteau, Frank followed his conductor,
who with long strides led the way along the
wharf. Not a word was spoken till they reached the
side of the boat. This was not a flat such as now are in<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_102" id="Page_102">[102]</SPAN></span>
general use, but a large boat some forty feet in length
by fourteen wide, almost flat-bottomed, and capable of
carrying a cargo of eight or ten tons of goods. In the
stern was a little cabin some eight feet long for the
captain and his mate. In front was a similar structure
for the four negroes who formed the crew.</p>
<p>She carried one mast, with a large lug-sail. She had
four sweeps, but these were seldom used. When the wind
was fair she ran before it, when it was foul the mast was
lowered; if it fell calm when they were coming down the
stream they drifted with it, if when going up, they either
anchored or poled her along in the back waters close inshore,
or made their way up the numerous channels where
the stream flowed sluggishly, or tied on behind a tug if
one happened to come along.</p>
<p>Their principal work was to carry up supplies to the
various plantations along the banks, to trade with the
villages, and to bring down produce to New Orleans; for
the stopping-places of the steamers were at wide distances
apart, and the number of steamers themselves very small
in comparison with those now afloat on the great river.
At times they made longer journeys, going up as far as
St. Louis; but in that case they were generally, as Frank
afterwards learned, towed up the whole distance.</p>
<p>"Hi! Pete, shove that plank ashore," Hiram shouted,
and a negro at once showed his head above a scuttle in
the bow of the boat, and then emerging, pushed a plank
across the fifteen feet of water which intervened between
the flat and the wharf.</p>
<p>"That's your first lesson, young man," Hiram said.
"Never on no account lay your craft close alongside;
thar's river thieves at these landings as would empty<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_103" id="Page_103">[103]</SPAN></span>
half the cargo if you left the boat for ten minutes, if they
could step aboard, and these niggers are always asleep
the minute after you take your eyes off them. So,
whether you have got anything aboard or not, stick to the
rule and moor her a bit off the wharf. It's only the
trouble of dropping the grapnel over on the outside in
addition to the hawser ashore, and then there's never no
trouble when you get back and have to report as how you
have lost some of the bales. It ain't as how we carry up
many things as would pay for taking; soft goods for the
stores up the river mostly goes by steamer, but them as
ain't hurried, and likes to keep their dollars in their
pockets, has their goods up by flats. I have got ten
hogsheads of sugar, twenty-four crates of hardware, some
barrels of molasses, and forty casks of spirits on board,
eighty kegs of nails and a ton or two of rice and flour.
We reckon to go up light, and I don't care to have the
flat more nor half-full, for when the river's low and the
wind light the less we have on board the better. Now
Pete, let's have tea as soon as may be."</p>
<p>By this time they had entered the cabin at the stern
of the boat. It was only about five feet high, but was
large and roomy, and Frank saw with pleasure that it
was neat and clean, and was an abode infinitely preferable
to the forecastle of the <i>Mississippi</i>.</p>
<p>"Now, lad, that's your side, and this is mine; that's
your bunk. I am given to tidy ways, having all my life
lived in small places, and I hope as you will fall into
my ways; I keeps the cabin tidy myself, and Pete never
comes aft here except to bring the food and take it
away again; I can't a-bear niggers messing about a place.
Victuals of all sorts is provided. You can do as you like<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_104" id="Page_104">[104]</SPAN></span>
about liquor. I keeps a keg of rum on board, and I likes
my glass at night; if you likes to join me at that you
can pay for half the keg, it has not been broached yet.
If you want to drink more nor two glasses a night, ye had
best get in yer own stock; if ye don't want to touch it at
all, just leave it."</p>
<p>Frank said he liked a glass of grog at night, and
should be glad to join in the cask, and that he would do
his best to keep his side of the cabin as tidy as the
other. In a few minutes the negro brought in the meal,
which consisted of a steak fried with onions, followed by
a large bowl of oatmeal, with a jug of molasses, and the
whole was washed down with tea.</p>
<p>"The stream does not seem to run very rapidly,"
Frank said, as he and his companion, having lit their
pipes, sat down on the deck above.</p>
<p>"It varies," Hiram replied; "sometimes it's sluggish,
as you see it here, sometimes it runs like a mill-stream.
The art of sailing here is to know the river; for what
with its back currents and its eddies, its channels behind
islands and its sandbanks, one who knows it can manage
to make his way up, while one who didn't know would
be drifting backward instead of getting forward. That's
what you have got to learn. Fortunately the wind
generally blows up the stream; when it don't it's a case of
down anchor. There are places where one can hardly
get along unless the wind happens to be unusually strong,
and there I generally get a tow. The boss has got about
twenty steamers on the river, so we don't generally have
to wait many hours before one comes along. The tugs is
gradually doing away with sailing boats, and in time
there won't be many of our kind of craft left; but they are<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_105" id="Page_105">[105]</SPAN></span>
useful, you see, for small places where the steamers don't
stop, and for the rivers which run into the Mississippi."</p>
<p>The next morning at daybreak the sail was hoisted,
the hawsers thrown off from the shore, and the flat made
her way up the river. Frank was surprised to see how
fast she sailed, although the wind was but light. The
work was easy, for the wind was steady and they seldom
sailed at night, the wind generally dropping at sundown.
They touched at numerous little settlements,
and gradually got rid of the cargo with which they had
started.</p>
<p>Sometimes they left the main river and sailed for
many miles by narrow channels, where the current, for
the most part, was almost imperceptible. They were
more than a month from the time they started before
they reached the spot at which they were to take in the
cargo for their return voyage. The flat was then loaded
up with grain, which was put in in bulk and covered with
tarpaulin; the boat was now laden down nearly to the
water's edge.</p>
<p>The downward voyage differed widely from that up the
river; the sail was now seldom used, and instead of
skirting the shores they kept in mid-channel, from time
to time directing the boat's course by the use of the
sweeps. The moon was nearly full when they started,
and they continued their voyage by night as well as day.
Hiram and Frank took it by turns to be on watch; but
the former was seldom down below, except on the rare
occasions when the river was free from shoals.</p>
<p>Frank had by this time learned by the ripples on the
water to detect the shallows, and could direct the course
without assistance; but as soon as the splash of oars was<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_106" id="Page_106">[106]</SPAN></span>
heard on the water, Hiram was sure to appear on deck,
however short the time since he had retired to rest.</p>
<p>"You are seeing the river at its best," he was saying
one day. "It is about half-full now; when the water's
low, the channel where we can pass loaded is often only
fifty yards wide, with the water running through it like a
sluice. When the water is in flood there is no fear of
shoals, but you have got to look about, for it is full of
floating trees and logs; when these get stuck we call them
snags, and if you were to run on one of them the chances
are it would knock a hole as big as a cask in her bottom,
and down you would go in two or three minutes."</p>
<hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_107" id="Page_107">[107]</SPAN></span></p>
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