<SPAN name="startofbook"></SPAN>
<h1>PHALLIC WORSHIP</h1>
<h2>by Hargrave Jennings</h2>
<h2>A DESCRIPTION OF THE MYSTERIES<br/>
OF THE<br/>
SEX WORSHIP OF THE ANCIENTS</h2>
<p>WITH THE HISTORY OF<br/>
THE MASCULINE CROSS<br/>
AN ACCOUNT OF<br/>
PRIMITIVE SYMBOLISM, HEBREW PHALLICISM,<br/>
BACCHIC FESTIVALS, SEXUAL RITES, AND<br/>
THE MYSTERIES OF THE ANCIENT FAITHS<br/>
LONDON<br/><br/>
PRIVATELY PRINTED<br/>
<span class='small'>1880</span><br/></p>
<span class='pageno' id='Page_5'>5</span>
<h2>PREFACE</h2>
<p class='c003'><i>The present somewhat slight sketch of a most interesting
subject, whilst not claiming entire originality, yet embraces
the cream, so to speak, of various learned works of great cost,
some of which being issued for private circulation only, are almost
unobtainable.</i></p>
<p><i>During the past few years several books have been written
upon Phallicism in conjunction with other kindred matters,
but not devoting themselves entirely to one ancient mystery,
the writers have only partially ventilated the subject. The
present work seeks to obviate this failing by confining its
attention entirely to the Sex Worship or Phallicism of the
ancient world.</i></p>
<p><i>Many of the topics have received only slight treatment,
being little more than indicated; but the work will enable the
reader to understand and possess the truth concerning the
Phallic Worship of the Ancients.</i></p>
<p><i>Those who desire to know more, or to authenticate the
statements and facts given in this book, should consult the large
and important works of Payne Knight, Higgins, Dulaure,
Rolle, Inman, and other writers.</i></p>
<p><i>It was intended to give with this volume a list of works
and miscellaneous pieces written on the subject, but the length
of the list prevented its being added.</i></p>
<h2>NATURE AND SEX WORSHIP</h2>
<p class='c003'>Sex Worship has prevailed among all peoples of ancient
times, sometimes contemporaneous and often mixed with
Star, Serpent, and Tree Worship. The powers of nature
were sexualised and endowed with the same feelings,
passions, and performing the same functions as human
beings.</p>
<p>Among the ancients, whether the Sun, the Serpent,
or the Phallic Emblem was worshipped, the idea was the
same—the veneration of the generative principle. Thus
we find a close relationship between the various
mythologies of the ancient nations, and by a comparison
of the creeds, ideas, and symbols, can see that they spring
from the same source, namely, the worship of the forces
and operations of nature, the original of which was doubtless
Sun worship. It is not necessary to prove that in
primitive times the Sun must have been worshipped
under various names, and venerated as the Creator,
Light, Source of Life, and the Giver of Food.</p>
<p>In the earliest times the worship of the generative
power was of the most simple and pure character, rude
in manner, primitive in form, pure in idea, the homage
of man to the supreme power, the Author of life.</p>
<p>Afterwards the worship became more depraved, a
religion of feeling, sensuous bliss, corrupted by a priesthood
<span class='pageno' id='Page_8'>8</span>who were not slow to take advantage of this state
of affairs, and inculcated with it profligate and mysterious
ceremonies, union of gods with women, religious prostitution
and other degrading rites. Thus it was not long
before the emblems lost their pure and simple meaning
and became licentious statues and debased objects.</p>
<p>Hence we have the depraved ceremonies at the worship
of Bacchus, who became, not only the representative
of the creative power, but the God of pleasure and
licentiousness.</p>
<p>The corrupted religion always found eager votaries,
willing to be captives to a pleasant bondage by the
impulse of physical bliss, as was the case in India and
Egypt, and among the Phœnicians, Babylonians, Jews
and other nations.</p>
<p>Sex worship once personified became the supreme and
governing deity, enthroned as the ruling God over all;
dissent therefrom was impious and punished. The priests
of the worship compelled obedience; monarchs complied
to the prevailing faith and became willing devotees to the
shrines of Isis and Venus on the one hand, and of Bacchus
and Priapus on the other, by appealing to the most
animating passion of nature.</p>
<h2>PHALLICISM</h2>
<p class='c003'>This is the worship of the reproductive powers, the
sexual appointments revered as the emblems of the
Creator. The one male, the active creative power;
the other the female or passive power; ideas which were
represented by various emblems in different countries.</p>
<p><span class='pageno' id='Page_9'>9</span>These emblems were of a pure and sacred character,
and used at a time when the prophets and priests spoke
plain speech, understood by a rude and primitive people;
although doubtless by the common people the emblems
were worshipped themselves, even as at the present day
in Roman Catholic countries the more ignorant, in many
cases, actually worship the images and pictures themselves,
while to the higher and more intelligent minds they are
only symbols of a hidden object of worship. In the
same manner, the concealed meaning or hidden truth
was to the ignorant and rude people of early times entirely
unknown, while the priests and the more learned kept
studiously concealed the meaning of the ceremonies and
symbols. Thus, the primitive idea became mixed with
profligate, debased ceremonies, and lascivious rites,
which in time caused the more pure part of the worship
to be forgotten. But Phallicism is not to be judged
from these sacred orgies, any more than Christianity
from the religious excitement and wild excesses of a few
Christian sects during the Middle Ages.</p>
<p>In a work on the “Worship of the Generative Powers
during the Middle Ages,” the writer traces the superstition
westward, and gives an account of its prevalence throughout
Southern and Western Europe during that period.</p>
<p>The worship was very prevalent in Italy, and was
invariably carried by the Romans into the countries they
conquered, where they introduced their own institutions
and forms of worship. Accordingly, in Britain have
been found numerous relics and remains; and many
of our ancient customs are traced to a Phallic origin.
“When we cross over to Britain,” says the writer, “we
find this worship established no less firmly and extensively
in that island; statuettes of Priapus, Phallic bronzes,
<span class='pageno' id='Page_10'>10</span>pottery covered with obscene pictures, are found wherever
there are any extensive remains of Roman occupation,
as our antiquaries know well. The numerous Phallic
figures in bronze found in England are perfectly identical
in character with those that occur in France and Italy.”</p>
<p>All antiquaries of any experience know the great number
of obscene subjects which are met with among the fine
red pottery which is termed Samian ware, found so
abundantly in all Roman sites in our island. “They
represent erotic scenes, in every sense of the word, with
figures of Priapus and Phallic emblems.”</p>
<h2>PHALLUS</h2>
<p class='c003'>The Phallus, or Lingam, which stood for the image
of the male organ, or emblem of creation, has been
worshipped from time immemorial. Payne Knight
describes it as of the greatest antiquity, and as having
prevailed in Egypt and all over Asia.</p>
<p>The women of the former country carried in their religious
processions, a movable Phallus of disproportionate
magnitude, which Deodorus Siculus informs us signified
the generative attribute. It has also been observed
among the idols of the native Americans and ancient
Scandinavians, while the Greeks represented the Phallus
alone, and changed the personified attribute into a distinct
deity, called Priapus.</p>
<p>Phallus, or privy member (<span lang="la" xml:lang="la"><i>membrum virile</i></span>), signifies,
“he breaks through, or passes into.” This word survives
in German <span lang="de" xml:lang="de"><i>pfahl</i></span>, and <span lang="en" xml:lang="en"><i>pole</i></span> in English. Phallus is supposed
<span class='pageno' id='Page_11'>11</span>to be of Phœnician origin, the Greek word <span lang="grc" xml:lang="grc"><i>pallo</i></span>, or
<span lang="grc" xml:lang="grc"><i>phallo</i></span>, “to brandish preparatory to throwing a missile,”
is so near in assonance and meaning to Phallus, that one
is quite likely to be parent of the other. In Sanskrit
it can be traced to <span lang="sa" xml:lang="sa"><i>phal</i></span>, “to burst,” “to produce,” “to
be fruitful”; then, again, <span lang="sa" xml:lang="sa"><i>phal</i></span> is “a ploughshare,” and
is also the name of Siva and Mahadeva, who are Hindu
deities. Phallus, then, was the ancient emblem of
creation: a divinity who was companion to Bacchus.</p>
<p>The Indian designation of this idol was Lingam, and
those who dedicated themselves to its service were to
observe inviolable chastity. “If it were discovered,”
says Crawford, “that they had in any way departed from
them, the punishment is death. They go naked, and
being considered as sanctified persons, the women
approach without scruple, nor is it thought that their
modesty should be offended by it.”</p>
<h2>SYMBOLS OR EMBLEMS</h2>
<p class='c003'>The Phallus and its emblems were representative of the
gods Bacchus, Priapus, Hercules, Siva, Osiris, Baal, and
Asher, who were all Phallic deities. The symbols were
used as signs of the great creative energy or operating
power of God from no sense of mere animal appetite,
but in the highest reverence. Payne Knight, describing
the emblems, says:—</p>
<p>“Forms and ceremonials of a religion are not always
to be understood in their direct and obvious sense, but
<span class='pageno' id='Page_12'>12</span>are to be considered as symbolical representations of some
hidden meaning extremely wise and just, though the
symbols themselves, to those who know not their true
signification, may appear in the highest degree absurd
and extravagant. It has often happened that avarice
and superstition have continued these symbolical representations
for ages after their original meaning has
been lost and forgotten; they must, of course, appear
nonsensical and ridiculous, if not impious and extravagant.
Such is the case with the rite now under consideration,
than which nothing can be more monstrous and indecent,
if considered in its plain and obvious meaning, or as part
of the Christian worship; but which will be found to be
a very natural symbol of a very natural and philosophical
system of religion, if considered according to its original
use and intention.”</p>
<p>The natural emblems were those which from their
character were most suitable representatives; such as
poles, pillars, stones, which were sacred to Hindu,
Egyptian, and Jewish divinities.</p>
<p>Blavalsky gives an account of the Bimlang Stone, to
be found at Narmada and other places, which is sacred
to the Hindu deity Siva; these emblem stones were
anointed, like the stone consecrated by the Patriarch
Jacob.</p>
<p>Blavalsky further says that these stones are “identical
in shape, meaning, and purpose with the ‘pillars’ set up
by the several patriarchs to mark their adoration of the
Lord God. In fact, one of these patriarchal lithoi might
even now be carried in the Sivaitic processions of Calcutta
without its Hebrew derivation being suspected.”</p>
<span class='pageno' id='Page_13'>13</span>
<h2>THE POLE</h2>
<p class='c003'>The Pole was an emblem of the Phallus, and with the
serpent upon it, was a representative of its divine wisdom
and symbol of life. The serpent upon the tree is the same
in character, both are representative of the tree of life.
The story of Moses will well illustrate this, when he
erected in the wilderness this effigy, which stood as a
sign of hope and life, as the cross is used by the Catholics
of the present day; the cross then, as now, being simply
an emblem of the Creator, used as a token of resurrection
or regeneration. Æsculapius, as the restorer of health,
has a rod or Phallus with a serpent entwined.</p>
<p>The Rev. M. Morris has shown that the raising of the
May-pole is of Phallic origin, the remains of a custom of
India or Egypt, and is typical of the fructifying powers
of spring.</p>
<p>The May festival was carried on with great licentiousness
by the Romans, and was celebrated by nearly all
peoples as the month consecrated to Love. The May-day
in England was the scene of riotous enjoyment, very
nearly approaching to the Roman Floralia. No wonder
the Puritans looked upon the May-pole as a relic of
Paganism, and in their writings may be gleaned much
of the licentious character of the festival.</p>
<p>Philip Stubbes, a Puritan writer in the reign of Elizabeth,
thus describes a May-day in England: “Every parishe,
towne, and village assemble themselves together, bothe
men, women, and children, olde and younge even indifferently;
and either goyng all together, or devidyng
themselves into companies, they go some to the woods
and groves, some to one place, some to another, where
thei spend all the night in pleasant pastymes; and in the
<span class='pageno' id='Page_14'>14</span>mornyng they returne, bryngyng with them birch bowes
and branches of trees, to deck their assemblies withall....
But their cheerest jewell thei bryng from thence
is their Maie pole, whiche thei bryng home with great
veneration, as thus: thei have twentie or fortie yoke
of oxen, every oxe havyng a sweet nosegaie of flowers
placed on the tippe of his hornes, and these oxen drawe
home this Maie pole (this stinckyng idoll rather), which
is covered all over with flowers and hearbes, bound
rounde aboute with strynges from the top to the bottome,
and sometyme painted with variable colours, with two
or three hundred men, women, and children, followyng
it with great devotion. And thus beyng reared up, with
handekerchiefes and flagges streamyng on the top, thei
strawe the grounde aboute, binde greene boughes aboute
it, sett up sommer haules, bowers, and arbours hard by
it. And then fall thei to banquet and feast, to leape and
daunce aboute it, as the heathen people did at the dedication
of their idols, whereof this is a perfect patterne, or rather
the thyng itself.”</p>
<p>The ceremony was almost identical with the Roman
festival, where the Phallus was introduced with garlands.
Both were attended with the same licentiousness, for
Stubbes gives a further account of the depravity attending
the festivities.</p>
<h2>PILLARS</h2>
<p class='c003'>Another type of emblem was the stone pillar, remains of
which still exist in the British Isles. These pillars or so
called crosses generally consist of a shaft of granite with
<span class='pageno' id='Page_15'>15</span>a carved head. In the West of England crosses are very
common, standing in the market and receiving the name
of “The Cross.”</p>
<p>These stone pillars were first erected in honour of the
Phallic deity, and on the introduction of Christianity
were not destroyed, but consecrated to the new faith,
doubtless to honour the prejudices of the people. These
monolisks abound in the Highlands, they are stones set
up on end, some twenty-four or thirty feet high, others
higher or lower and this sometimes where no such stones
are to be quarried.</p>
<p>We learn that the Bacchus of the Thebans was a pillar.
The Assyrian Nebo was represented by a plain pillar,
consecrated by anointing with oil. Arnobius gives an
account of this practice, as also does Theophrastus, who
speaks of it as a custom for a superstitious man, when
he passed by these anointed stones in the streets to take
out a phial of oil and pour it upon them and having
fallen on his knees to make his adorations, and so depart.</p>
<p>In various parts of the Bible the Pillar is referred to as
of a sacred character, as in Isaiah xix. 19, 20, “In that
day shall there be an altar to Jehovah in the midst of the
land of Egypt, and a <em>pillar</em> at the border thereof to Jehovah,
and it should be for a sign and a witness to the Lord.”</p>
<p>The Orphic Temples were doubtless emblems of the
same principle of the mystic faiths of the ancients, the
same as the Round Towers of Ireland, a history of which
was collected by O’Brien, who describes the Towers as
“Temples constructed by the early Indian colonists
of the country in honour of the <em>Fructifying</em> principle of
nature, emanating as was supposed from the Sun, or the
deity of desire instrumental in that principle of universal
generativeness diffused throughout all nature.”</p>
<p><span class='pageno' id='Page_16'>16</span>According to the same author these towers were very
ancient, and of Phœnician origin, as similar towers have
been found in Phœnicia. “The Irish themselves,” says
O’Brien, “designated them ‘Bail-toir,’ that is the tower
of Baal. Baal was the name of the Phallic deity, and the
priest who attended them ‘Aoi Bail-toir’ or superintendent
of Baal tower.” This Baal was worshipped
wherever the Phœnicians went, and was represented by
a pillar or stone or similar objects. The stone that
Jacob set up, and anointed as a rallying place for worship,
became afterwards an object of worship to the Phœnicians.</p>
<p>The earliest navigators of the world were the Phœnicians,
they founded colonies and extended their commerce
first to the isles of the Mediterranean, from thence to
Spain, and then to the British Isles. Historians have
accorded to them the settlements of the most remote
localities. They formed settlements in Cyprus, and
Atticum, according to Josephus, was the principal settlement
of the Tyrians upon this island. Strabo’s testimony
is, that the Phœnicians, even before Homer, had possessed
themselves of the best part of Spain.</p>
<p>Where the Phœnicians settled, there they introduced
their religion, and it is in these countries we find the
remains of ancient stone and pillar worship.</p>
<h2>LOGGIN STONES, ETC.</h2>
<p class='c003'>Loggin stones are by Payne Knight considered as
Phallic emblems. “Their remains,” he says, “are still
extant, and appear to have been composed of a crone set
into the ground, and another placed upon the point of
<span class='pageno' id='Page_17'>17</span>it and so nicely balanced that the wind could move it,
though so ponderous that no human force, unaided by
machinery, can displace it; whence they are called
‘logging rocks’ and ‘pendre stones,’ as they were
anciently ‘living stones’ and ‘stones of God,’ titles
which differ very little in meaning from that on the
Tyrian coins. Damascius saw several of them in the
neighbourhood of Heliopolis or Baalbeck, in Syria,
particularly one which was then moved by the wind;
and they are equally found in the Western extremities
of Europe and the Eastern extremities of Asia, in Britain,
and in China.”</p>
<p>Bryant mentions it as very usual among the Egyptians
to place with much labour one vast stone upon another
for a religious memorial.</p>
<p>Such immense masses, being moved by causes seeming
so inadequate, must naturally have conveyed the idea of
spontaneous motion to ignorant observers, and persuaded
them that they were animated by an emanation of the
vital spirit, whence they were consulted as oracles, the
responses of which could always be easily obtained by
interpreting the different oscillatory movements into
nods of approbation or dissent.</p>
<p>Phallic emblems abounded at Heliopolis in Syria, and
many other places, even in modern times. A physician,
writing to Dr. Inman, says: “I was in Egypt last winter
(1865-66), and there certainly are numerous figures of
gods and kings, on the walls of the temple at Thebes,
depicted with the male genital erect. The great temple
at Karnak is, in particular, full of such figures, and the
temple of Danclesa likewise, though that is of much later
date, and built merely in imitation of old Egyptian art.
The same inspiring <span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr"><i>bas-reliefs</i></span> are pointed out by Ezek.
<span class='pageno' id='Page_18'>18</span>xxiii. 14. I remember one scene of a king (Rameses II)
returning in triumph with captives, many of whom were
undergoing the process of castration.”</p>
<p>Obelisks were also representative of the same emblem.
Payne Knight mentions several terminating in a cross,
which had exactly the appearance of one of those crosses
erected in churchyards and at cross roads for the adoration
of devout persons, when devotions were more prevalent
than at present. Stones, pillars, obelisks, stumps of
trees, upright stones have all the same signification, and
are means by which the male element was symbolised.</p>
<h2>TRIADS</h2>
<p class='c003'>The Triune idea is to be found in the system of almost
every nation. All have their Trinity in Unity, three in
one, which can be distinctly recognised in the cross.
The Triad is the male or triple, the constitution of the
three persons of most sacred Trinity forming the Triune
system. In the analysis of the subject by Rawlinson,
we find the Trinity consisted of Asshur or Asher, associated
with Anu and Hea or Hoa. Asshur, the supreme god of
the Assyrians, represents the Phallus or central organ
or the Linga, the <span lang="la" xml:lang="la"><i>membrum virile</i></span>. The cognomen Anu
was given to the right testis, while that of Hea designated
the left.</p>
<p>It was only natural that Asshur being deified, his
appendages should be deified also. “Beltus,” says
Inman, “was the goddess associated with them, the four
together made up Arba or Arba-il, the four great gods,”
the Trinity in Unity. The idea thus broached receives
<span class='pageno' id='Page_19'>19</span>great confirmation when we examine the particular stress
laid in ancient times respecting the right and left side of
the body in connection with the Triad names given to
offspring mentioned in the scriptures with the titles given
to Anu and Hea. The male or active principle was typified
by the idea of “solidity” and “firmness,” and the
females or passive by the principles of “water,” “softness,”
and other feminine principles. Thus the goddess
Hea was associated with water, and according to Forlong,
the Serpent, the ruler of the Abyss, was sometimes represented
to be the great Hea, without whom there was no
creation or life, and whose godhead embraced also the
female element water.</p>
<p>Rawlinson also gives a similar conclusion, and states
as far as he could determine the third divinity or left side
was named Hea, and he considered this deity to correspond
to Neptune. Neptune was the presiding deity of the deep,
ruler of the abyss, and king of the rivers. As Darwin
and his coadjutors teach, mankind, in common with all
animal life, originally sprung from the sea; so physiology
teaches that each individual had origin in a pond of water.
The fruit of man is both solid and fluid. It was natural
to imagine that the two male appendages had a distinct
duty, that one formed the infant, the other water in which
it lived, that one generated the male, the other the female
offspring; and the inference was then drawn that water
must be feminine, the emblem of all possible powers of
creation.</p>
<p>It will be seen that the names and signification of the
gods and their attributes had no ideal meaning. Thus in
Genesis xxx. 13, we find Asher given as a personality,
which signifies “to be straight,” “upright,” “fortunate,”
“happy.” Asher was the supreme god of the Assyrians,
<span class='pageno' id='Page_20'>20</span>the Vedic Mahadeva, the emblem of the human male
structure and creative energy. The same idea of the
creator is still to be seen in India, Egypt, Phœnicia, the
Mediterranean, Europe, and Denmark, depicted on stone
relics.</p>
<p>To a rude and ignorant people, enslaved with such a
religion, it was an easy step from the crude to the more
refined sign, from the offensive to a more pictured and
less obnoxious symbol, from the plain and self-evident
to the mixed, disguised, and mystified, from the unclothed
privy member to the cross.</p>
<h2>THE CROSS</h2>
<p class='c003'>The Triad, or Trinity, has been traced to Phœnicia,
Egypt, Japan, and India; the triple deities Asshur, Anu,
and Hea forming the “tau.” This mark of the Christians,
Greeks, and Hebrews became the sign or type of the
deities representing the Phallic trinity, and in time became
the figure of the cross. It is remarked by Payne Knight
that “The male organs of generation are sometimes found
represented by signs of the same sort, which properly
should be called the symbol of symbols. One of the most
remarkable of these is a cross, in the form of the letter
(T), which thus served as the emblem of creation and
generation before the Church adopted it as a sign of
salvation.”</p>
<p>Another writer says, “Reverse the position of the
triple deities Asshur, Anu, Hea, and we have the figure
of the ancient ‘tau’ of the Christians, Greeks, and ancient
Hebrews. It is one of the oldest conventional forms of
<span class='pageno' id='Page_21'>21</span>the cross. It is also met with in Gallic, Oscan, Arcadian,
Etruscan, original Egyptian, Phœnician, Ethiopic, and
Pelasgian forms. The Ethiopic form of the ‘tau’ is the
exact prototype and image of the cross, or rather, to state
the fact in order of merit and time, the cross is made in
the exact image of the Ethiopic ‘tau.’ The fig-leaf,
having three lobes to it, became a symbol of the triad.
As the male genital organs were held in early times
to exemplify the actual male creative power, various
natural objects were seized upon to express the theistic
idea, and at the same time point to those parts of the human
form. Hence, a similitude was recognised in a pillar,
a heap of stones, a tree between two rocks, a club between
two pine cones, a trident, a thyrsus tied round with two
ribbons with the two ends pendant, a thumb and two
fingers, the caduceus. Again, the conspicuous part of
the sacred triad Asshur is symbolised by a single stone
placed upright—the stump of a tree, a block, a tower,
spire, minaret, pole, pine, poplar, or palm tree, while
eggs, apples, or citrons, plums, grapes, and the like
represented the remaining two portions, altogether called
Phallic emblems. Baal-Shalisha is a name which seems
designed to perpetuate the triad, since it signifies ‘my
Lord the Trinity,’ or ‘my God is three.’”</p>
<p>We must not omit to mention other Phallic emblems,
such as the bull, the ram, the goat, the serpent, the torch,
fire, a knobbed stick, the crozier; and still further personified,
as Bacchus, Priapus, Dionysius, Hercules,
Hermes, Mahadeva, Siva, Osiris, Jupiter, Moloch, Baal,
Asher, and others.</p>
<p>If Ezekiel is to be credited, the triad, T, as Asshur,
Anu, and Hea, was made of gold and silver, and was in
his day not symbolically used, but actually employed;
<span class='pageno' id='Page_22'>22</span>for he bluntly says “whoredom was committed with the
images of men,” or, as the marginal note has it, images
of “a male” (Ezek. xvi. 17). It was with this god-mark—a
cross in the form of the letter T—that Ezekiel was
directed to stamp the foreheads of the men of Judæa
who feared the Lord (Ezek. ix. 4).</p>
<p>That the cross, or crucifix, has a sexual origin we
determine by a similar rule of research to that by which
comparative anatomists determine the place and habits of
an animal by a single tooth. The cross is a metaphoric
tooth which belongs to an antique religious body physical,
and that essentially human. A study of some of the
earliest forms of faith will lift the veil and explain the
mystery.</p>
<p>India, China, and Egypt have furnished the world with
a <span lang="la" xml:lang="la"><i>genus</i></span> of religion. Time and culture have divided and
modified it into many species and countless varieties.
However much the imagination was allowed to play upon
it, the animus of that religion was sexuality—worship
of the generative principle of man and nature, male and
female. The cross became the emblem of the male
feature, under the term of the <em>triad</em>—three in one. The
female was the <em>unit</em>; and, joined to the male triad, constituted
a sacred four. Rites and adoration were sometimes
paid to the male, sometimes to the female, or to the two
in one.</p>
<p>So great was the veneration of the cross among the
ancients that it was carried as a Phallic symbol in the
religious processions of the Egyptians and Persians.
Higgins also describes the cross as used from the earliest
times of Paganism by the Egyptians as a banner, above
which was carried the device of the Egyptian cities.</p>
<p>The cross was also used by the ancient Druids, who held
<span class='pageno' id='Page_23'>23</span>it as a sacred emblem. In Egypt it stood for the signification
of eternal life. Schedeus describes it as customary
for the Druids “to seek studiously for an oak tree, large
and handsome, growing up with <em>two principal arms in
the form of a cross</em>, besides the main stem upright. If
the two horizontal arms are not sufficiently adapted to
the figure, they fasten a <em>cross-beam</em> to it. This tree they
consecrate in this manner: Upon the right branch they
cut in the bark, in fair characters, the word ‘Hesus’;
upon the middle, or upright stem, the word ‘Taranius’;
upon the left branch ‘Belenus’; over this, above the
going off of the arms, they cut the name of the god <em>Thau</em>;
under all, the same repeated, <em>Thau</em>.”</p>
<h2>YONI</h2>
<p class='c003'>There is in Hindostan an emblem of great sanctity,
which is known as the “Linga-Yoni.” It consists of
a simple pillar in the centre of a figure resembling the
outline of a conical ear-ring. It is expressive of the female
genital organ both in shape and idea. The Greek letter
“Delta” is also expressive of it, signifying the door of a
house.</p>
<p>Yoni is of Sanskrit origin. Yanna, or Yoni, means
(1) the vulva, (2) the womb, (3) the place of birth, (4)
origin, (5) water, (6) a mine, a hole, or pit. As Asshur
and Jupiter were the representatives of the male potency,
so Juno and Venus were representatives of the female
attribute. Moore, in his “Oriental Fragments,” says:
“Oriental writers have generally spelled the word,
‘Yoni,’ which I prefer to write ‘IOni.’ As Lingam
<span class='pageno' id='Page_24'>24</span>was the vocalised cognomen of the male organ, or deity,
so IOni was that of hers.” Says R. P. Knight: “The
female organs of generation were revered as symbols
of the generative powers of nature or of matter, as those
of the male were of the generative powers of God. They
are usually represented emblematically by the shell
<span lang="la" xml:lang="la"><i>Concha Veneris</i></span>, which was therefore worn by devout
persons of antiquity, as it still continues to be by the
pilgrims of many of the common people of Italy” (“On
the worship of Priapus,” p. 28).</p>
<p>If Asshur, the conspicuous feature of the male Creator,
is supplied with types and representative figures of himself,
so the female feature is furnished with substitutes and
typical imagery of herself.</p>
<p>One of these is technically known as the <span lang="la" xml:lang="la"><i>sistrum</i></span> of
Isis. It is the virgin’s symbol. The bars across the
<span lang="la" xml:lang="la"><i>fenestrum</i></span>, or opening, are bent so that they cannot be
taken out, and indicate that the door is closed. It signifies
that the mother is still <span lang="la" xml:lang="la"><i>virgo intacta</i></span>—a truly immaculate
female—if the truth can be strained to so denominate
a <em>mother</em>. The pure virginity of the Celestial Mother
was a tenet of faith for 2,000 years before the accepted
Virgin Mary now adored was born. We might infer
that Solomon was acquainted with the figure of the
<span lang="la" xml:lang="la"><i>sistrum</i></span>, when he said, “A garden enclosed is my spouse,
a spring shut up, a <em>fountain sealed</em>” (Song of Sol. iv. 12).
The <span lang="la" xml:lang="la"><i>sistrum</i></span>, we are told, was only used in the worship
of Isis, to drive away Typhon (evil).</p>
<p>The Argha is a contrite form, or boat-shaped dish or
plate used as a sacrificial cup in the worship of Astarte,
Isis, and Venus. Its shape portrays its own significance.
The Argha and <span lang="la" xml:lang="la"><i>crux ansata</i></span> were often seen on Egyptian
monuments, and yet more frequently on bas-reliefs.</p>
<p><span class='pageno' id='Page_25'>25</span>Equivalent to Iao, or the Lingam, we find Ab, the
Father, the Trinity; Asshur, Anu, Hea, Abraham, Adam,
Esau, Edom, Ach, Sol, Helios (Greek for Sun), Dionysius,
Bacchus, Apollo, Hercules, Brahma, Vishnu, Siva, Jupiter,
Zeus, Aides, Adonis, Baal, Osiris, Thor, Oden; the cross,
tower, spire, pillar, minaret, tolmen, and a host of others;
while the Yoni was represented by IO, Isis, Astarte, Juno,
Venus, Diana, Artemis, Aphrodite, Hera, Rhea, Cybele,
Ceres, Eve, Frea, Frigga; the queen of Heaven, the oval,
the trough, the delta, the door, the ark, the ship, the
chasm, a ring, a lozenge, cave, hole, pit, Celestial Virgin,
and a number of other names. Lucian, who was an
Assyrian, and visited the temple of Dea Syria, near the
Euphrates, says there are two Phalli standing in the porch
with this inscription on them, “These Phalli I, Bacchus,
dedicate to my step-mother Juno.”</p>
<p>The Papal religion is essentially the feminine, and built
on the ancient Chaldean basis. It clings to the female
element in the person of the Virgin Mary. Naphtali
(Gen. xxx. 8) was a descendant of such worshippers,
if there be any meaning in a concrete name. Bear in mind,
names and pictures perpetuate the faith of many peoples.
Neptoah is Hebrew for “the vulva,” and, Al or El being
God, one of the unavoidable renderings of Naphtali is
“the Yoni is my God,” or “I worship the Celestial
Virgin.” The Philistine towns generally had names
strongly connected with sexual ideas. Ashdod, <em>aish</em> or
<em>esh</em>, means “fire, heat,” and <em>dod</em> means “love, to love,”
“boiled up,” “be agitated,” the whole signifying “the
heat of love,” or “the fire which impels to union.”
Could not those people exclaim, Our “God is love”?
(1 John iv. 8).</p>
<p>The amatory drift of Solomon’s song is undisguised,
<span class='pageno' id='Page_26'>26</span>though the language is dressed in the habiliments of seeming
decency. The burden of thought of most of it bears
direct reference to the Linga-Yoni. He makes a woman
say, “He shall lie all night betwixt my breasts” (S. of S.
i. 13). Again, of the Phallus, or Linga, she says, “I
will go up the palm-tree, I will take hold of the boughs
thereof” (vii. 8). Palm-tree and boughs are euphemisms
of the male genitals.</p>
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