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History of France

<hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="page116" name="page116"></SPAN>Pg 116</span></p> <h2>CHAPTER VIII.</h2> <h3>FRANCE SINCE THE REVOLUTION.</h3> <p>1. <b>The Restoration.</b>—The Allies left the people of France free to choose their Government, and they accepted the old royal family, who were on their borders awaiting a recall. The son of Louis XVI. had perished in the hands of his jailers, and thus the king's next brother, <i>Louis XVIII.</i>, succeeded to the throne, bringing back a large emigrant following. Things were not settled down, when Napoleon, in the spring of 1815, escaped from Elba. The army welcomed him with delight, and Louis was forced to flee to Ghent. However, the Allies immediately rose in arms, and the troops of England and Prussia crushed Napoleon entirely at Waterloo, on the 18th of June, 1815. He was sent to the lonely rock of St. Helena, in the Atlantic, whence he could not again return to trouble the peace of Europe. There he died in 1821. Louis XVIII. was restored, and a charter was devised by which a limited monarchy was established, a king at<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="page117" name="page117"></SPAN>Pg 117</span> the head, and two chambers—one of peers, the other of deputies, but with a very narrow franchise. It did not, however, work amiss; till, after Louis's death in 1824, his brother, <i>Charles X.</i>, tried to fall back on the old system. He checked the freedom of the press, and interfered with the freedom of elections. The consequence was a fresh revolution in July, 1830, happily with little bloodshed, but which forced Charles X. to go into exile with his grandchild Henry, whose father, the Duke of Berry, had been assassinated in 1820.</p> <p>2. <b>Reign of Louis Philippe.</b>—The chambers of deputies offered the crown to <i>Louis Philippe</i>, Duke of Orleans. He was descended from the regent; his father had been one of the democratic party in the Revolution, and, when titles were abolished, had called himself Philip <i>Egalité</i> (Equality). This had not saved his head under the Reign of Terror, and his son had been obliged to flee and lead a wandering life, at one time gaining his livelihood by teaching mathematics at a school in Switzerland. He had recovered his family estates at the Restoration, and, as the head of the Liberal party, was very popular. He was elected King of the French, not of France, with a chamber of peers nominated for life only, and another of deputies elected by voters, whose qualification was two hundred francs, or eight pounds a year. He did his utmost to gain the good will of the people, living a simple,<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="page118" name="page118"></SPAN>Pg 118</span> friendly family life, and trying to merit the term of the "citizen king," and in the earlier years of his reign he was successful. The country was prosperous, and a great colony was settled in Algiers, and endured a long and desperate war with the wild Arab tribes. A colony was also established in New Caledonia, in the Pacific, and attempts were carried out to compensate thus for the losses of colonial possessions which France had sustained in wars with England. Discontents, however, began to arise, on the one hand from those who remembered only the successes of Buonaparte, and not the miseries they had caused, and on the other from the working-classes, who declared that the <i>bourgeois</i>, or tradespeople, had gained everything by the revolution of July, but they themselves nothing. Louis Philippe did his best to gratify and amuse the people by sending for the remains of Napoleon, and giving him a magnificent funeral and splendid monument among his old soldiers—the Invalides; but his popularity was waning. In 1842 his eldest son, the Duke of Orleans, a favourite with the people, was killed by a fall from his carriage, and this was another shock to his throne. Two young grandsons were left; and the king had also several sons, one of whom, the Duke of Montpensier, he gave in marriage to Louise, the sister and heiress presumptive to the Queen of Spain; though, by treaty with the other European Powers, it had been agreed that she should not marry a French prince<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="page119" name="page119"></SPAN>Pg 119</span> unless the queen had children of her own. Ambition for his family was a great offence to his subjects, and at the same time a nobleman, the Duke de Praslin, who had murdered his wife, committed suicide in prison to avoid public execution; and the republicans declared, whether justly or unjustly, that this had been allowed rather than let a noble die a felon's death.</p> <p>3. <b>The Revolution of 1848.</b>—In spite of the increased prosperity of the country, there was general disaffection. There were four parties—the Orleanists, who held by Louis Philippe and his minister Guizot, and whose badge was the tricolour; the Legitimists, who retained their loyalty to the exiled Henry, and whose symbol was the white Bourbon flag; the Buonapartists; and the Republicans, whose badge was the red cap and flag. A demand for a franchise that should include the mass of the people was rejected, and the general displeasure poured itself out in speeches at political banquets. An attempt to stop one of these led to an uproar. The National Guard refused to fire on the people, and their fury rose unchecked; so that the king, thinking resistance vain, signed an abdication, and fled to England in February, 1848. A provisional Government was formed, and a new constitution was to be arranged; but the Paris mob, who found their condition unchanged, and really wanted equality of wealth, not of rights, made disturbances again and<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="page120" name="page120"></SPAN>Pg 120</span> again, and barricaded the streets, till they were finally put down by General Cavaignac, while the rest of France was entirely dependent on the will of the capital. After some months, a republic was determined on, which was to have a president at its head, chosen every five years by universal suffrage. Louis Napoleon Buonaparte, nephew to the great Napoleon, was the first president thus chosen; and, after some struggles, he not only mastered Paris, but, by the help of the army, which was mostly Buonapartist, he dismissed the chamber of deputies, and imprisoned or exiled all the opponents whom the troops had not put to death, on the plea of an expected rising of the mob. This was called a <i>coup d'état</i>, and Louis Napoleon was then declared president for ten years.</p> <p>4. <b>The Second Empire.</b>—In December, 1852, the president took the title of Emperor, calling himself Napoleon III., as successor to the young son of the great Napoleon. He kept up a splendid and expensive court, made Paris more than ever the toy-shop of the world, and did much to improve it by the widening of streets and removal of old buildings. Treaties were made which much improved trade, and the country advanced in prosperity. The reins of government were, however, tightly held, and nothing was so much avoided as the letting men think or act for themselves, while their eyes were to be dazzled with<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="page121" name="page121"></SPAN>Pg 121</span> splendour and victory. In 1853, when Russia was attacking Turkey, the Emperor united with England in opposition, and the two armies together besieged Sebastopol, and fought the battles of Alma and Inkermann, taking the city after nearly a year's siege; and then making what is known as the Treaty of Paris, which guaranteed the safety of Turkey so long as the subject Christian nations were not misused. In 1859 Napoleon III. joined in an attack on the Austrian power in Italy, and together with Victor Emanuel, King of Sardinia, and the Italians, gained two great victories at Magenta and Solferino; but made peace as soon as it was convenient to him, without regard to his promises to the King of Sardinia, who was obliged to purchase his consent to becoming King of United Italy by yielding up to France his old inheritance of Savoy and Nice. Meantime discontent began to spring up at home, and the Red Republican spirit was working on. The huge fortunes made by the successful only added to the sense of contrast; secret societies were at work, and the Emperor, after twenty years of success, felt his popularity waning.</p> <p>5. <b>The Franco-German War.</b>—In 1870 the Spaniards, who had deposed their queen, Isabel II., made choice of a relation of the King of Prussia as their king. There had long been bitter jealousy between<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="page122" name="page122"></SPAN>Pg 122</span> France and Prussia, and, though the prince refused the offer of Spain, the French showed such an overbearing spirit that a war broke out. The real desire of France was to obtain the much-coveted frontier of the Rhine, and the Emperor heated their armies with boastful proclamations which were but the prelude to direful defeats, at Weissenburg, Wörth, and Forbach. At Sedan, the Emperor was forced to surrender himself as a prisoner, and the tidings no sooner arrived at Paris than the whole of the people turned their wrath on him and his family. His wife, the Empress Eugènie, had to flee, a republic was declared, and the city prepared to stand a siege. The Germans advanced, and put down all resistance in other parts of France. Great part of the army had been made prisoners, and, though there was much bravado, there was little steadiness or courage left among those who now took up arms. Paris, which was blockaded, after suffering much from famine, surrendered in February, 1871; and peace was purchased in a treaty by which great part of Elsass and Lorraine, and the city of Metz, were given back to Germany.</p> <h5>THE END.</h5> <hr style="width: 65%;" /> <h2>PRIMERS</h2> <h3><i>IN SCIENCE, HISTORY, AND LITERATURE.</i></h3> <h4>18mo. Flexible cloth, 45 cents each.</h4> <hr style='width: 45%;' /> <h3>SCIENCE PRIMERS.</h3> <p class="center">Edited by Professors HUXLEY, ROSCOE, and BALFOUR STEWART.</p> <div class='center'> <table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""> <tr> <td align='left'>Introductory</td> <td align='right'>T.H. HUXLEY.</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Chemistry</td> <td align='right'>H.E. 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Price, $13.25.<br/> <b>Cornell's Map-Drawing Cards.</b> Price, 45 cents.<br/> <b>Patton's Natural Resources of the United States.</b> 45 cents.<br/></p> <hr style="width: 65%;" /> <h1>THE ART OF SPEECH.</h1> <h3>By L.T. TOWNSEND, D.D.,</h3> <p class="center">Professor in Boston University; author of "Credo," etc.</p> <h3>I.</h3> <h2>STUDIES IN POETRY AND PROSE.</h2> <p>CONTENTS: History of Speech; Theories of the Origin of Speech; Laws of Speech; Diction and Idiom; Syntax; Grammatical and Rhetorical Rules; Style; Figures; Poetic Speech; Prose Speech; Poetic-Prose Speech.</p> <p class="center">One volume 18mo. 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Cloth, 60 cents.</p> <hr style='width: 45%;' /> <h1>THE ORTHOËPIST:</h1> <h3><i>A PRONOUNCING MANUAL</i>,</h3> <h4>CONTAINING</h4> <h3>About Three Thousand Five Hundred Words,</h3> <h4>INCLUDING</h4> <p class="center">A Considerable Number of the Names of Foreign Authors, Artists, etc., that are often mispronounced.</p> <h3>By ALFRED AYRES.</h3> <p>"The book is likely to do more for the cause of good speech than any work with which we are acquainted."</p> <p>"The author of 'The Orthoëpist' is a well-known teacher of elocution in New York, who has given his best attention during many years to the subjects with which his book deals."—<i>Eclectic Magazine</i>.</p> <p class="center">One volume, 18mo. 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Readings in Nature's Book</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>80</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>V. Seven American Classics</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>60</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>VI. Seven British Classics</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>60</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left' colspan="3"><h3>GEOGRAPHY.</h3></td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Appletons' New Elementary Geography</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>65</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Appletons' Higher Geography</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Cornell's Primary Geography</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>61</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Cornell's Intermediate Geography</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 20</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Cornell's Physical Geography</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Cornell's Grammar-School Geography</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 40</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Cornell's First Steps in Geography</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>36</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Cornell's High-School Geography</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>80</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Cornell's High-School Atlas</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 60</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Cornell's Outline Maps </td> <td align='right'>per set, 13 Maps,</td> <td align='right'>13 25</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Cornell's Map-Drawing Cards </td> <td align='right'>per set,</td> <td align='right'>45</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Patton's Natural Resources of the United States.</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>45</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left' colspan="3"><h3>MATHEMATICS.</h3></td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Appletons' Primary Arithmetic</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>20</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Appletons' Elementary Arithmetic</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>35</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Appletons' Mental Arithmetic</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>32</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Appletons' Practical Arithmetic</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>72</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Appletons' Higher Arithmetic</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 00</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Colin's Metric System</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Gillespie's Land Surveying</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>2 60</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Gillespie's Leveling and Higher Surveying</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>2 20</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Inventional Geometry (Spencer's)</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>45</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Richards's Plane and Spherical Trigonometry, with applications</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 75</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left' colspan="3"><h3>GRAMMAR, COMPOSITION, AND LITERATURE.</h3></td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Bain's Composition and Rhetoric</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Ballard's Words, and how to put them together</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>40</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Ballard's Word-writer</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>10</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Ballard's Pieces to Speak</td> <td align='right'>per part,</td> <td align='right'>20</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Covell's Digest</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>80</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Gilmore's English Language and Literature</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>60</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Literature Primers: English Grammar—English Literature—Philology—Classical Geography—Shakespeare—Studies in Bryant—Greek Literature—English Grammar Exercises—Homer—English Composition</td> <td align='right'>each,</td> <td align='right'>45</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Morris's Historical English Grammar</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 00</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Northend's Memory Gems</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>20</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Northend's Choice Thoughts</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Northend's Gems of Thought</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>75</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Quackenbos's Primary Grammar</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>40</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Quackenbos's English Grammar</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>72</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Quackenbos's Illustrated Lessons in our Language</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Quackenbos's First Lessons in Composition</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>80</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Quackenbos's Composition and Rhetoric</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Spalding's English Literature</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Stickney's Child's Book of Language. 4 numbers</td> <td align='right'>each,</td> <td align='right'>10</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Teacher's edition of same</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>35</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Stickney's Letters and Lessons</td> <td align='right'>each,</td> <td align='right'>20</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left' colspan="3"><h3>HISTORY.</h3></td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Bayard Taylor's History of Germany</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>History Primers: Rome—Greece—Europe—Old Greek Life—Geography—Roman Antiquities</td> <td align='right'>each,</td> <td align='right'>45</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Markham's History of England</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Morris's History of England</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 25</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Quackenbos's Elementary History of the United States</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>60</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Quackenbos's School History of the United States</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 20</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Quackenbos's American History</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 15</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Quackenbos's Illustrated School History of the World</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Sewell's Child's History of Rome</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>65</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>     "           "           "       "  Greece</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>65</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Willard's Synopsis of General History</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>2 00</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Timayenis's History of Greece. Two vols</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>3 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left' colspan="3"><h3>SCIENCE.</h3></td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Alden's Intellectual Philosophy</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 10</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Arnott's Physics</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>3 00</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Atkinson's Ganot's Physics</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>3 00</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Bain's Mental Science</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Bain's Moral Science</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Bain's Logic</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>2 00</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Coming's Physiology</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Deschanel's Natural Philosophy. One vol</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>5 70</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'><span style="margin-left: 2em;">In four parts</span></td> <td align='right'>each,</td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Gilmore's Logic</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>75</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Henslow's Botanical Charts</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>15 75</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Huxley and Youmans's Physiology</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Le Conte's Geology</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>4 00</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Lockyer's Astronomy</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Lupton's Scientific Agriculture</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>45</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Morse's First Book of Zoölogy</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 10</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Munsell's Psychology</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 70</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Nicholson's Geology</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Nicholson's Zoölogy</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Quackenbos's Natural Philosophy</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Rains's Chemical Analysis</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Science Primers: Introductory—Chemistry—Physics—Physical Geography—Geology—Physiology—Astronomy—Botany—Logic—Inventional Geometry—Pianoforte-Playing—Political Economy</td> <td align='right'>each,</td> <td align='right'>45</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Wilson's Logic</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Winslow's Moral Philosophy</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Youmans's New Chemistry</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Youmans's (Miss) First Book of Botany</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>85</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Youmans's (Miss) Second Book of Botany</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left' colspan="3"><h3>FREE-HAND AND INDUSTRIAL DRAWING.</h3></td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Krüsi's Easy Drawing Lessons, for Kindergarten and Primary Schools. Three Parts</td> <td align='right'>each,</td> <td align='right'>14</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Synthetic Series. Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4</span></td> <td align='right'>each,</td> <td align='right'>15</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Analytic Series. Nos. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10</span></td> <td align='right'>each,</td> <td align='right'>18</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Perspective Series. Nos. 11, 12, 13, and 14</span></td> <td align='right'>each,</td> <td align='right'>25</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Advanced Perspective. Nos. 15 and 16</span></td> <td align='right'>each,</td> <td align='right'>25</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Nos. 17 and 18</span></td> <td align='right'>each,</td> <td align='right'>35</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Manuals. 1 to each Series. Paper,</span></td> <td align='right'>each,</td> <td align='right'>45</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'><span style="margin-left: 6em;">cloth,</span></td> <td align='right'>each,</td> <td align='right'>60</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Textile Designs. Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4</span></td> <td align='right'>each,</td> <td align='right'>30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Nos. 5 and 6</span></td> <td align='right'>each,</td> <td align='right'>40</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Outline and Relief Designs. No. 1</span></td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Nos. 2 and 3</span></td> <td align='right'>each,</td> <td align='right'>45</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Nos. 4, 5, and 6</span></td> <td align='right'>each,</td> <td align='right'>40</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Mechanical Drawing. Nos. 1, 4, and 6</span></td> <td align='right'>each,</td> <td align='right'>45</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Nos. 2, 3, and 5</span></td> <td align='right'>each,</td> <td align='right'>25</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Architectural Drawing. Nine Parts</span></td> <td align='right'>each,</td> <td align='right'>45</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Green's Slate Drawing Cards. Two Parts</td> <td align='right'>each,</td> <td align='right'>12</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left' colspan="3"><h3>PENMANSHIP.</h3></td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Model Copy-Books, Sliding Copies</td> <td align='right'>per copy,</td> <td align='right'>12</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>       "             "            Primary Series</td> <td align='right'>per copy,</td> <td align='right'>9</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Model Practice-Book</td> <td align='right'>per copy,</td> <td align='right'>10</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left' colspan="3"><h3>LATIN.</h3></td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Arnold's First and Second Latin Book</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 10</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Arnold's Latin Prose Composition</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 10</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Arnold's Cornelius Nepos</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Butler's Sallust's Jugurtha and Catiline</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Cicero de Officiis</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 10</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Crosby's Quintus Curtius Rufus</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Crosby's Sophocles's Œdipus Tyrannus</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Frieze's Quintilian</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Frieze's Virgil's Æneid</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 70</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Frieze's Six Books of Virgil, with Vocabulary</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'></td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Harkness's Arnold's First Latin Book</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Harkness's Second Latin Book</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 10</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Harkness's Introductory Latin Book</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 10</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Harkness's Latin Grammar</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Harkness's Elements of Latin Grammar</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 10</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Harkness's Latin Reader</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 10</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Harkness's New Latin Reader</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 10</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Harkness's Latin Reader, with Exercises</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Harkness's Latin Prose Composition</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Harkness's Cæsar, with Dictionary</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Harkness's Cicero</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Harkness's Cicero, with Dictionary</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Harkness's Sallust's Catiline, with Dictionary</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 15</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Harkness's Course in Cæsar, Sallust, and Cicero, with Dictionary</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 75</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Johnson's Cicero's Select Orations</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Lincoln's Horace</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Lincoln's Livy</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Sewall's Latin Speaker</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 00</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Tyler's Tacitus</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Tyler's Germania and Agricola</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 10</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left' colspan="3"><h3>BOOK-KEEPING.</h3></td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Marsh's Single-Entry Book-keeping</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 70</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Marsh's Double-Entry Book-keeping</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>2 20</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Blanks to above, 6 books to each set</span></td> <td align='right'>per set,</td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left' colspan="3"><h3>GERMAN.</h3></td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Adler's Progressive German Reader</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Adler's Hand-book of German Literature</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Adler's German Dictionary, 8vo</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>4 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>     "           "             "         12mo</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>2 25</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Ahn's German Grammar</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>85</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Kroeh's First German Reader</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>35</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Oehlschlaeger's Pronouncing German Reader</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 10</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Ollendorff's New Method of Learning German</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 10</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Prendergast's Mastery Series—German</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>45</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Roemer's Polyglot Reader—German</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Schulte's Elementary German Course</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>85</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Wrage's Practical German Grammar</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Wrage's German Primer</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>35</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Wrage's First German Reader</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>45</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left' colspan="3"><h3>GREEK.</h3></td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Arnold's First Greek Book</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 10</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Arnold's Greek Prose Composition</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Arnold's Second Greek Prose Composition</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Arnold's Greek Reading Book</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Boise's Three Books of the Anabasis, with Lexicon</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Boise's Five Books of the Anabasis, with Lexicon</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 70</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Boise's Greek Prose Composition</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Boise's Anabasis</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 70</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Coy's Mayor's Greek for Beginners</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 25</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Hadley's Greek Grammar</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 70</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Hadley's Elements of Greek Grammar</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Hadley's Greek Verbs</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>25</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Harkness's First Greek Book</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Johnson's Three Books of the Iliad</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 25</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Johnson's Herodotus</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Kendrick's Greek Ollendorff</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Kühner's Greek Grammar</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 70</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Owen's Xenophon's Anabasis</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 70</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Owen's Homer's Iliad</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 70</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Owen's Greek Reader</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 70</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Owen's Acts of the Apostles</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Owen's Homer's Odyssey</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 70</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Owen's Thucydides</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>2 20</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Owen's Xenophon's Cyropædia</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>2 20</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Robbins's Xenophon's Memorabilia</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 70</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Silber's Progressive Lessons in Greek</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 10</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Smead's Antigone</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Smead's Philippics of Demosthenes</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Tyler's Plato's Apology and Crito</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Tyler's Plutarch</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Whiton's First Lessons in Greek</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left' colspan="3"><h3>FRENCH.</h3></td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Ahn's French Method</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>65</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Badois's Grammaire Anglaise</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Barbauld's Lessons for Children</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>65</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>De Fivas's Elementary French Reader</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>65</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>De Fivas's Classic French Reader</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>De Fivas's New Grammar of French Grammars</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 10</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>De Peyrac's French Children at Home</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>80</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>De Peyrac's Comment on Parle à Paris</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Havet's French Manual</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 10</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Jewett's Spiers's French Dictionary, 8vo</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>2 60</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>     "            "           "            "          School edition</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 70</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Marcel's Rational Method—French</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>45</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Ollendorff's New Method of Learning French</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 10</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Ollendorff's First Lessons in French</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>65</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Roemer's French Readers</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Rowan's Modern French Reader</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Simonné's Treatise on French Verbs</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>65</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Spiers and Surenne's French Dictionary, 8vo</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>4 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>    "                 "              "           "          12mo</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>2 25</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left' colspan="3"><h3>ITALIAN.</h3></td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Fontana's Elementary Grammar of the Italian Language. 12mo</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Foresti's Italian Reader. 12mo</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Meadows's Italian-English Dictionary. A new revised edition</td> <td align='right'>half bound,</td> <td align='right'>2 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Millhouse's New English-and-Italian Pronouncing and Explanatory Dictionary. Second edition, revised and improved. 2 thick vols., small 8vo</td> <td align='right'>half bound,</td> <td align='right'>5 25</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Nuovo Tesoro di Scherzi, Massime, Proverbi, etc. 1 vol., 12mo</td> <td align='right'>Cloth,</td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Ollendorffs New Method of Learning Italian. Edited by F. Foresti. 12mo</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Key to do</span></td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>85</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Primary Lessons. 18mo</span></td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>65</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Roemer's Polyglot Reader (in Italian). Translated by Dr. Botta</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Key to same, in English</span></td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left' colspan="3"><h3>SPANISH.</h3></td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Ahn's Spanish Grammar</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>85</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>De Tornos's Spanish Method</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 25</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Ollendorff's Spanish Grammar</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 00</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Prendergast's Mastery Series—Spanish</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>45</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Schele de Vere's Spanish Grammar</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 00</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Velázquez's New Spanish Reader</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 25</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>Velázquez's Pronouncing Spanish Dictionary. 8vo.</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>5 00</td> </tr> <tr> <td align='left'>        "                  "                "            "         12mo.</td> <td align='right'></td> <td align='right'>1 50</td> </tr> </table></div> <hr style='width: 45%;' /> <h3>New York: D. APPLETON & CO., 1, 3, & 5 Bond Street.</h3> <div style="break-after:column;"></div><br />

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