- History of the Jews in Russia and Poland, Volume II, From the Death of Alexander I until the Death of Alexander III (1825 - 1894)
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Simon Dubnow
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Simon Dubnow was born in 1860 to a poor Jewish family in Belarussian town of Mstsislaw and later became an authority of Jewish history and an activist. Due to his Jewish origin, he had to move to St. Petersburg, Odessa, Vilna (Lithuania), St. Petersburg (2nd time), Kaunas (Lithuania), Berlin and finally Riga (Latvia) after Hitler came to power. When Nazi troops occupied Latvia 1941, he was moved with thousands of other Jews to the Riga ghetto and was eventually killed. His life is a symbol of Jewish suffering in Eastern Europe in the first half of 20 century. Jews have been migrating from Germany and other European countries to Poland since the late middle ages where they were protected by Polish kings mainly for their economic contribution, but frequently persecuted by Christians whenever there was a pretext or the king's power was not strong enough. After Poland was annexed by Russia in the late 18th century, they became the object of systematic persecution by Russian government. This tragedy is parallel to the life of the author culminating in the Nazi Holocaust.
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- Chapters
- Chapter 13. The Military Despotism of Nicholas I, Part 1
- Chapter 13. The Military Despotism of Nicholas I, Part 2
- Chapter 13. The Military Despotism of Nicholas I, Part 3
- Chapter 14. Compulsory Enlightenment and Increased Oppression, Part 1
- Chapter 14. Compulsory Enlightenment and Increased Oppression, Part 2
- Chapter 14. Compulsory Enlightenment and Increased Oppression, Part 3
- Chapter 15. The Jews in The Kingdom of Poland, Part 1
- Chapter 15. The Jews in the Kingdom of Poland, Part 2
- Chapter 16. The Inner Life of Russian Jewry during the Period of Military Despotism, Part 1
- Chapter 16. The Inner Life of Russian Jewry during the Period of Military Despotism, Part 2
- Chapter 17. The Last Years of Nicholas I
- Chapter 18, The Era of Reforms under Alexander II, Part 1
- Chapter 18. The Era of Reforms under Alexander II, Part 2
- Chapter 19. The Reaction under Alexander II, Part 1
- Chapter 19. The Reaction under Alexander II, Part 2
- Chapter 20. The Inner Life of Russian Jewry during the Reign of Alexander II, Part 1
- Chapter 20. The Inner Life of Russian Jewry during the Reign of Alexander II, Part 2
- Chapter 20. The Inner Life of Russian Jewry during the Reign of Alexander II, Part 3
- Chapter 21. The Accession of Alexander III and the Inauguration Pogroms
- Chapter 22. The Anti-Jewish Policies of Ignatyev, Part 1
- Chapter 22, The Anti-Jewish Policies of Ignatyev, Part 2
- Chapter 23. New Measures of Oppression and Public Protests, Part 1
- Chapter 23. New Measures of Oppression and Public Protests, Part 2
- Chapter 24. Legislative Pogroms
- Chapter 25. Inner Upheavals
- Chapter 26. Increased Jewish Disabilities, Part 1, 1. The Pahlen Commission and New Schemes of Oppression, 2. Jewish Disabilities Outside the Pale
- Chapter 26. Increased Jewish Disabilities, Part 2, 3. Restrictions in Education and in the Legal Profession, 4. Discrimination in Military Service
- Chapter 27. Russian Reaction and Jewish emigration, Part 1, 1. Aftermath of the Pogrom Policy, 2. The Conclusions of Pahlen Commission
- Chapter 27. Russian Reaction and Jewish emigration, Part 2, 3. The Triumph of Reaction, 4. American and Palestinian Emigration
- Chapter 28. The Judaeophobia Triumph, Part 1, 1. Intensified Reaction, 2. Continued Harassing
- Chapter 28. The Judaeophobia Triumph, Part 2, 3. The Guildhall Meeting in London, 4. The Protest of America
- Chapter 29. The Expulsion from Moscow
- Chapter 30. Baron Hirsch's Emigration Scheme and Unrelieved Suffering
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